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Comet of 1729
The Comet of 1729, also known as C/1729 P1 or Comet Sarabat, was a non-periodic comet with an absolute magnitude of −3,〔 the brightest ever observed for a comet;〔''Comet Caesar'' (C/-43 K1) has, however, been calculated to have possibly had the brightest absolute magnitude in recorded history: −3.3 at the time of discovery and −4.0 during a later flare-up; cp. John T. Ramsey & A. Lewis Licht, ''The Comet of 44 B.C. and Caesar's Funeral Games'', Atlanta, 1997, ISBN 0-7885-0273-5.〕 it is therefore considered to be potentially the largest comet ever seen.〔Moore, P. ''The Data Book of Astronomy'', CRC, 2000, p.232〕
== Discovery ==
The comet was discovered in the constellation of Equuleus by Father Nicolas Sarabat, a professor of mathematics, at Nîmes in the early morning of August 1, 1729.〔Lynn, W. T. 'Sarrabat and the comet of 1729', ''The Observatory'', Vol. 19, p. 239–240 (1896). Sarabat (1698–1737), also known as "de la Baisse", a Jesuit and professor at Marseilles university, himself spelt his name "Sarrabat", but Cassini's spelling is generally used in reference to this comet.〕
Observing with the naked eye, he saw an object resembling a faint, nebulous star: he was at first unsure if it was a comet or part of the Milky Way. Moonlight interfered with Sarabat's observations until August 9, but after recovering the object and attempting to detect its motion without the aid of any measuring instruments, he became convinced that he had found a new comet.〔Kronk, G. W. ''Cometography: A Catalog of Comets'', Cambridge University Press, 1999, p.394〕
News of the discovery was passed to Jacques Cassini in Paris. He was able to confirm the comet's position, though with extreme surprise at how little it had moved since the first observation nearly a month previously. Cassini was able to continue observation until 18 January 1730, by which time the comet was located in Vulpecula. This was an extraordinarily long period for observation of a comet, though it never rose above apparent magnitude 3–4.
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